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Artaigil

Artaigil
Mar a tha seòrsaichean GSD agus drone giùlain a ’toirt buaidh air cruinneas coimeasach modail 3D

Anns an artaigil mu dheireadh Mar a tha puingean smachd talmhainn agus dàta PPK a ’toirt buaidh air cruinneas coimeasach modail 3D, tha sinn air ainmeachadh a bharrachd air dàta GCP agus PPK, tha an GSD agus an drone giùlain cuideachd a’ toirt buaidh shònraichte air cruinneas buntainneach an 3D model.So bidh sinn a ’dèanamh deuchainn eile gus a dhearbhadh.

Deuchainn 1: buaidh GSD air cruinneas coimeasach a ’mhodail 3D;

Suidheachadh 1

Drone giùlan

Camara oblique

GCPan

PPK

 CW10 VTOL

DG4pros

CHAN EIL

CHAN EIL

Clàr Toradh 1:

Àireamh de Rudan

fad tomhais (L0)

Fad modail 3D (L1) GSD = 2cm

Fad modail 3D (L2) GSD = 1.5cm

DS1 (L0-L1)

DS2 (L0-L2)

1

7.210

7.18

7.20

0.030

0.010

 

8.706

8.69

8.65

0.016

0.056

 

10.961

10.89

10.90

0.071

0.061

2

7.010

6.88

6.86

0.130

0.150

3

1.822

1.76

1.76

0.062

0.062

4

10.410

10.38

10.37

0.030

0.040

5

10.718

10.65

10.68

0.068

0.038

6

13.787

13.72

13.71

0.067

0.077

7

11.404

11.41

11.38

-0.006

0.024

 

12.147

12.13

12.12

0.017

0.027

8

7.526

7.44

7.49

0.086

0.036

 

13.797

13.83

13.77

-0.033

0.027

9

10.374

10.35

10.35

0.024

0.024

10

2.109

1.98

2.09

0.129

0.019

 

4.281

4.14

4.19

0.141

0.091

11

14.675

14.55

14.64

0.125

0.035

 

8.600

8.58

8.57

0.020

0.030

12

13.394

13.36

13.38

0.034

0.014

13

12.940

12.95

12.91

-0.010

0.030

14

7.190

7.21

7.20

-0.020

-0.010

15

13.371

13.36

13.38

0.011

-0.009

 

6.435

6.37

6.43

0.065

0.005

16

3.742

3.74

3.70

0.002

0.042

17

6.022

6.03

5.99

-0.008

0.032

18

3.937

3.91

3.94

0.027

-0.003

19

8.120

8.09

8.12

0.030

0.000

 

14.411

14.40

14.37

0.011

0.041

20

6.077

6.06

6.04

0.017

0.037

21

13.696

13.68

13.65

0.016

0.046

RMSE : DS1 = 0.0397m , DS2 = 0.0356m

Suidheachadh 2

Drone giùlan

Camara oblique

GCPan

PPK

CW10 VTOL

DG4pros

tha

Chan eil

Clàr Toradh 2:

Àireamh de Rudan

fad tomhais (L0)

Fad modail 3D (L1) GSD = 2cm

Fad modail 3D (L2) GSD = 1.5cm

DS1 (L0-L1)

DS2 (L0-L2)

1

7.210

7.18

7.21

0.030

0

 

8.706

8.68

8.68

0.026

0.026

 

10.961

10.91

10.87

0.051

0.091

2

7.010

6.92

6.88

0.090

0.13

3

1.822

1.79

1.76

0.032

0.062

4

10.410

10.39

10.38

0.020

0.03

5

10.718

10.66

10.72

0.058

-0.002

6

13.787

13.77

13.79

0.017

-0.003

7

11.404

11.38

11.38

0.024

0.024

 

12.147

12.12

12.13

0.027

0.017

8

7.526

7.47

7.53

0.056

-0.004

 

13.797

13.83

13.78

-0.033

0.017

9

10.374

10.34

10.37

0.034

0.004

10

2.109

2.03

2.11

0.079

-0.001

 

4.281

4.18

4.28

0.101

0.001

11

14.675

14.59

14.67

0.085

0.005

 

8.600

8.57

8.58

0.030

0.02

12

13.394

13.35

13.39

0.044

0.004

13

12.940

12.92

12.9

0.020

0.04

14

7.190

7.21

7.19

-0.020

0

15

13.371

13.36

13.37

0.011

0.001

 

6.435

6.43

6.42

0.005

0.015

16

3.742

3.72

3.7

0.022

0.042

17

6.022

6.00

5.98

0.022

0.042

18

3.937

3.94

3.91

-0.003

0.027

19

8.120

8.09

8.07

0.030

0.05

 

14.411

14.41

14.38

0.001

0.031

20

6.077

6.03

6.04

0.047

0.037

21

13.696

13.65

13.65

0.046

0.046

RMSE: DS1 = 0.0328m , DS2 = 0.0259m

Suidheachadh 3

Drone giùlan

Camara oblique

GCPan

PPK

CW10 VTOL

DG4pros

CHAN EIL

THA

 

Clàr Toradh 3:

Àireamh de Rudan

fad tomhais (L0)

Fad modail 3D (L1) GSD = 2cm

Fad modail 3D (L2) GSD = 1.5cm

DS1 (L0-L1)

DS2 (L0-L2)

1

7.210

7.20

7.20

0.01

0.01

 

8.706

8.71

8.69

0.00

0.02

 

10.961

10.87

10.88

0.09

0.08

2

7.010

6.89

6.87

0.12

0.14

3

1.822

1.79

1.75

0.03

0.07

4

10.410

10.39

10.38

0.02

0.03

5

10.718

10.67

10.69

0.05

0.03

6

13.787

13.75

13.78

0.04

0.01

7

11.404

11.39

11.38

0.01

0.02

 

12.147

12.13

12.12

0.02

0.03

8

7.526

7.51

7.49

0.02

0.04

 

13.797

13.79

13.78

0.01

0.02

9

10.374

10.35

10.34

0.02

0.03

10

2.109

2.03

2.02

0.08

0.09

 

4.281

4.15

4.21

0.13

0.07

11

14.675

14.61

14.65

0.07

0.03

 

8.600

8.60

8.57

0.00

0.03

12

13.394

13.37

13.40

0.02

-0.01

13

12.940

12.88

12.89

0.06

0.05

14

7.190

7.20

7.18

-0.01

0.01

15

13.371

13.36

13.38

0.01

-0.01

 

6.435

6.40

6.46

0.03

-0.03

16

3.742

3.75

3.75

-0.01

-0.01

17

6.022

5.97

5.97

0.05

0.05

18

3.937

3.93

3.91

0.01

0.03

19

8.120

8.10

8.08

0.02

0.04

 

14.411

14.40

14.38

0.01

0.03

20

6.077

6.04

6.05

0.04

0.03

21

13.696

13.65

13.67

0.05

0.03

RMSE: DS1 = 0.0342m , DS2 = 0.0328m

Suidheachadh 4

Drone giùlan

Camara oblique

GCPan

PPK

CW10 VTOL

DG4pros

THA

THA

Clàr Toradh 4:

Àireamh de Rudan

fad tomhais (L0)

Fad modail 3D (L1) GSD = 2cm

Fad modail 3D (L2) GSD = 1.5cm

DS1 (L0-L1)

DS2 (L0-L2)

1

7.21

7.21

7.21

0.00

0.00

8.706

8.68

8.7

0.03

0.01

10.961

10.90

10.89

0.06

0.07

2

7.01

6.98

6.99

0.03

0.02

3

1.822

1.80

1.78

0.02

0.04

4

10.41

10.40

10.39

0.01

0.02

5

10.718

10.70

10.69

0.02

0.03

6

13.787

13.77

13.76

0.02

0.03

7

11.404

11.39

11.39

0.01

0.01

12.147

12.13

12.12

0.02

0.03

8

7.526

7.49

7.51

0.04

0.02

13.797

13.81

13.8

-0.01

0.00

9

10.374

10.36

10.35

0.01

0.02

10

2.109

2.02

2.11

0.09

0.00

4.281

4.16

4.28

0.12

0.00

11

14.675

14.66

14.68

0.02

0.00

8.6

8.54

8.53

0.06

0.07

12

13.394

13.35

13.37

0.04

0.02

13

12.94

12.89

12.91

0.05

0.03

14

7.19

7.18

7.2

0.01

-0.01

15

13.371

13.35

13.35

0.02

0.02

6.435

6.41

6.4

0.02

0.03

16

3.742

3.72

3.71

0.02

0.03

17

6.022

5.98

5.98

0.04

0.04

18

3.937

3.89

3.89

0.05

0.05

19

8.12

8.12

8.1

0.00

0.02

14.411

14.40

14.39

0.01

0.02

20

6.077

6.03

6.03

0.05

0.05

21

13.696

13.66

13.64

0.04

0.06

RMSE : DS1 = 0.0308m , DS2 = 0.0249m

Co-dhùnaidhean

Is iad na caochladairean deuchainn 1:

1: Le / Às aonais dàta PPK.

2: Le / Às aonais GCPan.

3: GSD eadar-dhealaichte : 1.5 cm no 2cm

Às deidh sgrùdadh a dhèanamh air na ceithir seataichean de dhàta deuchainneach, is urrainn dhuinn na co-dhùnaidhean a leanas a tharraing:

 

Nuair a tha an camara oblique DG4Pros:

(1) Le / Às aonais puing smachd talmhainn (GCP) agus dàta PPK a tha an sàs ann an triantanachadh AT, ge bith an e VTOL no drone ioma-rotor a th ’ann, ge bith a bheil an GSD 2cm no 1.5cm, am modail 3D a chaidh a thogail le camara oblique DG4Pros comasach air coinneachadh ri riatanasan mearachd mionaideachd coimeasach Ds≤10cm (Fìor ≤5cm).

(2) Nuair a tha an GSD mar an caochladair singilte, tha cruinneas coimeasach a ’mhodail 3D le GSD = 1.5cm nas fheàrr na an GSD = 2cm sin.

Deuchainn 2: buaidh seòrsaichean drone giùlain air cruinneas coimeasach a ’mhodail 3D

Suidheachadh 1

Camara oblique

GCPan

PPK

GSD

DG4pros

CHAN EIL

CHAN EIL

1.5cm

Clàr Toradh 1:

Àireamh de Rudan

fad tomhais (L0)

Fad modail 3D (L1) CW10

Fad modail 3D (L2) M600Pro

DS1 (L0-L1)

DS2 (L0-L2)

1

7.21

7.20

7.19

0.010

0.02

 

8.706

8.65

8.70

0.056

0.01

 

10.961

10.90

10.91

0.061

0.05

2

7.01

6.86

6.98

0.150

0.03

3

1.822

1.76

1.79

0.062

0.03

4

10.41

10.37

10.39

0.040

0.02

5

10.718

10.68

10.69

0.038

0.03

6

13.787

13.71

13.76

0.077

0.03

7

11.404

11.38

11.38

0.024

0.02

 

12.147

12.12

12.12

0.027

0.03

8

7.526

7.49

7.50

0.036

0.03

 

13.797

13.77

13.77

0.027

0.03

9

10.374

10.35

10.33

0.024

0.04

10

2.109

2.09

2.02

0.019

0.09

 

4.281

4.19

4.20

0.091

0.08

11

14.675

14.64

14.65

0.035

0.03

 

8.6

8.57

8.57

0.030

0.03

12

13.394

13.38

13.35

0.014

0.04

13

12.94

12.91

12.92

0.030

0.02

14

7.19

7.20

7.17

-0.010

0.02

15

13.371

13.38

13.35

-0.009

0.02

 

6.435

6.43

6.41

0.005

0.02

16

3.742

3.70

3.70

0.042

0.04

17

6.022

5.99

5.99

0.032

0.03

18

3.937

3.94

3.89

-0.003

0.05

19

8.12

8.12

8.08

0.000

0.04

 

14.411

14.37

14.36

0.041

0.05

20

6.077

6.04

6.06

0.037

0.02

21

13.696

13.65

13.65

0.046

0.05

RMSE: DS1 = 0.0356m , DS2 = 0.342m

Suidheachadh 2

Camara oblique

GCPan

PPK

GSD

DG4pros

THA

CHAN EIL

1.5cm

 

Clàr Toradh 2:

Àireamh de Rudan

fad tomhais (L0)

Fad modail 3D (L1) CW10

Fad modail 3D (L2) M600Pro

DS1 (L0-L1)

DS2 (L0-L2)

1

7.21

7.21

7.21

0

0.00

 

8.706

8.68

8.70

0.026

0.01

 

10.961

10.87

10.91

0.091

0.05

2

7.01

6.88

6.98

0.13

0.03

3

1.822

1.76

1.80

0.062

0.02

4

10.41

10.38

10.39

0.03

0.02

5

10.718

10.72

10.70

-0.002

0.02

6

13.787

13.79

13.75

-0.003

0.04

7

11.404

11.38

11.38

0.024

0.02

 

12.147

12.13

12.13

0.017

0.02

8

7.526

7.53

7.49

-0.004

0.04

 

13.797

13.78

13.79

0.017

0.01

9

10.374

10.37

10.35

0.004

0.02

10

2.109

2.11

2.07

-0.001

0.04

 

4.281

4.28

4.21

0.001

0.07

11

14.675

14.67

14.66

0.005

0.02

 

8.6

8.58

8.57

0.02

0.03

12

13.394

13.39

13.35

0.004

0.04

13

12.94

12.9

12.93

0.04

0.01

14

7.19

7.19

7.18

0

0.01

15

13.371

13.37

13.36

0.001

0.01

 

6.435

6.42

6.42

0.015

0.01

16

3.742

3.7

3.71

0.042

0.03

17

6.022

5.98

6.00

0.042

0.02

18

3.937

3.91

3.91

0.027

0.03

19

8.12

8.07

8.10

0.05

0.02

 

14.411

14.38

14.35

0.031

0.06

20

6.077

6.04

6.06

0.037

0.02

21

13.696

13.65

13.67

0.046

0.03

RMSE: DS1 = 0.0259m , DS2 = 0.256m

Co-dhùnaidhean

Is iad na caochladairean ann an deuchainn 2:

1: Le / Às aonais GCPan.

2: Drone giùlan eadar-dhealaichte: drone VTOL no drone ioma-rotor

Às deidh sgrùdadh a dhèanamh air an dà sheata de dhàta deuchainneach, is urrainn dhuinn na co-dhùnaidhean a leanas a tharraing:

 

Nuair a tha an camara oblique DG4Pros:

(1) Le / Às aonais puing smachd talmhainn (GCP) ge bith an e VTOL no drone ioma-rotor a th ’ann, faodaidh am modail 3D a chaidh a thogail le camara oblique DG4Pros coinneachadh ri riatanasan mearachd cruinneas coimeasach Ds≤10cm (Gu dearbh ≤5cm).

(2) Nuair a tha na seòrsachan drone giùlain an caochladair singilte, tha cruinneas coimeasach a ’mhodail 3D le ioma-rotor nas fheàrr na sin le VTOL, ach chan eil an eadar-dhealachadh glè mhòr.